Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure for diagnosing and treating uterine causes of infertility Using a hysteroscope inserted through the vagina, surgeons examine the cervix and uterus. This technique allows for the removal of polyps, fibroids, and adhesions, partial or complete septum during operative hysteroscopy, providing an effective and targeted approach to address uterine pathology TESE is a surgical procedure used to retrieve sperm directly from the testicles, especially in cases of non-obstructive azoospermia where natural sperm production is insufficient. Typically performed under anaesthesia, TESE involves removing a small piece of testicular tissue for examination and identification of viable sperm. This minimally invasive daycare surgery is vital for individuals with conditions like testicular failure. The retrieved sperm can be utilized in assisted reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to aid in achieving pregnancy.

Laparoscopy is performed under general anaesthesia, ensuring a pain-free experience for the patient. The surgeon makes small incisions in the abdomen to insert a laparoscope, miniature surgical tools, and a tube for abdominal gas infusion. This facilitates enhanced visibility and precision during the procedure. After the laparoscopy’s completion, the abdominal gas is released, incisions are closed with stitches, and a dressing is applied. In many cases, patients can return home on the same day, although overnight hospital stay may be necessary in some instances.